How to Run Python File in Terminal?

Introduction

Running Python files in the terminal is an essential skill for developers and beginners alike. It allows you to test your code quickly, automate scripts, and better understand the command-line environment. In this guide, we’ll show you how to run a Python file in the terminal, covering everything from setting up your file to troubleshooting common issues.

Step 1: Preparing Your Python File

Before running a Python file in the terminal, ensure it’s ready and saved correctly.

• Create and Save Your Python File: Write your code in a text editor or IDE, such as VS Code, and save it with the .py extension, for example, script.py.
• Organize Your Code: Make sure your code is free of syntax errors and organized for easy debugging. This will save you time when running and testing the file.

Step 2: Opening the Terminal

To run Python files, you’ll need access to the terminal or command prompt. Here’s how to open it on various operating systems:

• Windows: Press Win + R, type cmd, and press Enter. Alternatively, you can search for “Command Prompt” in the Start menu.
• macOS: Open Spotlight by pressing Cmd + Space, type “Terminal,” and press Enter.
• Linux: The terminal is usually accessible through Ctrl + Alt + T or by searching for “Terminal” in the applications menu.

Familiarize yourself with basic commands, as they’ll make navigating the terminal easier.

Step 3: Navigating to the File Location

Once the terminal is open, you’ll need to navigate to the directory containing your Python file.

• Use cd Command: Type cd followed by the path to the folder containing your file. For example, if your file is in the Documents folder, you’d type:
  bash
  cd Documents
• Check Directory Contents: Use ls (macOS/Linux) or dir (Windows) to list files in the current directory. Ensure your Python file is in the directory by looking for script.py or the name you’ve given your file.

Step 4: Running the Python File

With the terminal pointed to the correct directory, you can now run the Python file.

• Basic Command: Type python filename.py and press Enter. For example:
  bash
  python script.py
  

If you’re using Python 3, the command might be python3 filename.py.

• Running in a Virtual Environment: If you’re using a virtual environment, activate it first:# On macOS/Linux
source env/bin/activate# On Windows
.\env\Scripts\activateAfter activation, run the file with python filename.py

Step 5: Common Issues and Troubleshooting

Sometimes, issues can arise when running Python files in the terminal. Here are some common ones and how to fix them.

• “Python not found” Error: If you see this error, it may mean Python isn’t installed or the PATH isn’t set. Check the installation and ensure Python is added to your PATH.
• Checking Python Version: Use python --version or python3 --version to verify Python is installed and check the version.
• Switching Python Versions: If you have multiple versions of Python, specify the version explicitly by using python3 or setting an alias in the terminal.

FAQ

How do I know if Python is installed on my computer?
Open the terminal and type python --version or python3 --version. If Python is installed, this command will display the version.

What should I do if the terminal says “Python not found”?
This message usually means Python is either not installed or not added to the PATH. Reinstall Python and make sure to select the option to add it to PATH during installation.

How can I run a Python file in a specific virtual environment?
First, activate the virtual environment with source env/bin/activate (macOS/Linux) or .\env\Scripts\activate (Windows). Then, run the Python file as usual with python filename.py.

How do I change the default version of Python used in the terminal?
To change the default version, adjust your system’s PATH or use alias python=python3 on macOS/Linux to set Python 3 as the default.

Conclusion

Now you know how to run Python files in the terminal! From setting up your Python file to troubleshooting common issues, running code in the terminal allows for quick testing and efficient script execution. Practicing these steps will help you become comfortable working with Python in the command line, an invaluable skill for any developer.

Need further help with Python development or have questions about terminal commands? Contact us today, and let our experts guide you to success!